How to Set Up a Local Network Between Two Windows PCs

Setting up a local network between two Windows PCs allows for efficient file sharing, printer access, and collaborative work without relying on internet connectivity. This guide provides a comprehensive, step-by-step approach to establish a local network using both wired and wireless methods, ensuring compatibility with Windows 10 and Windows 11 systems.

Prerequisites

Before initiating the setup:

Ensure both PCs are on the same network: Connect both computers to the same Wi-Fi network or use an Ethernet cable for a direct connection.
Verify network discovery and file sharing settings: These settings must be enabled to allow the computers to detect each other and share resources.

Method 1: Connecting via Ethernet Cable

For a stable and high-speed connection, using an Ethernet cable is recommended.

Step 1: Connect the Ethernet Cable

Direct Connection: Plug one end of the Ethernet cable into the network port of the first PC and the other end into the second PC. Modern PCs typically support auto-sensing, so a standard Ethernet cable suffices.
Using a Switch or Router: If connecting through a network switch or router, plug each end of the Ethernet cables into the respective PCs and the switch/router.

Step 2: Assign Static IP Addresses

Assigning static IP addresses ensures both PCs can communicate effectively.

Open Network Settings:
- Press Windows + I to open Settings.
- Navigate to Network & Internet > Ethernet.
Configure IP Settings:
- Click on the connected Ethernet network.
- Scroll down and click Edit under IP settings.
- Select Manual, toggle IPv4 to On.
- Enter the following details:
  - PC 1:
    - IP address: 192.168.1.1
    - Subnet prefix length: 24
    - Gateway: Leave blank
  - PC 2:
    - IP address: 192.168.1.2
    - Subnet prefix length: 24
    - Gateway: Leave blank
- Click Save.

Step 3: Enable Network Discovery and File Sharing

Open Advanced Sharing Settings:
- Press Windows + I to open Settings.
- Navigate to Network & Internet > Advanced network settings > Advanced sharing settings.
Enable Settings:
- Under Private Network, ensure the following are turned On:
  - Network discovery
  - File and printer sharing
- Repeat these steps on both PCs.

Method 2: Connecting via Wi-Fi (Same Network)

If both PCs are connected to the same Wi-Fi network, you can set up a local network without additional hardware.

Step 1: Verify Network Connection

Ensure both PCs are connected to the same Wi-Fi network.

Step 2: Enable Network Discovery and File Sharing

Follow the same steps as in Method 1, Step 3, to enable network discovery and file sharing on both PCs.

Sharing Files and Folders

Once the network is established, you can share files and folders between the two PCs.

Step 1: Share a Folder

Select the Folder:
- Right-click on the folder you wish to share.
- Select Properties.
Configure Sharing Settings:
- Navigate to the Sharing tab.
- Click on Share….
- In the drop-down menu, select Everyone.
- Click Add, then set the permission level (e.g., Read/Write).
- Click Share, then Done.

Step 2: Access Shared Folder from the Other PC

Open File Explorer:
- Press Windows + E to open File Explorer.
Navigate to Network:
- In the left pane, click on Network.
- Double-click on the name of the other PC.
- You should see the shared folder.
- Double-click to access the folder and its contents.

Mapping a Network Drive

For easier access, you can map the shared folder as a network drive.

Open File Explorer:
- Press Windows + E.
Map Network Drive:
- Click on This PC.
- Click on the … (More) button in the top menu, then select Map network drive.
Assign Drive Letter and Folder Path:
- Choose a drive letter (e.g., Z:).
- In the Folder field, enter the path to the shared folder (e.g., \\ComputerName\SharedFolder).
- Check Reconnect at sign-in if desired.
- Click Finish.

Troubleshooting Tips

Firewall Settings: Ensure that the firewall on both PCs allows file and printer sharing.
Network Profile: Set the network profile to Private to enable discovery and sharing features.
User Accounts: Ensure that both PCs have user accounts with appropriate permissions to access shared resources.
Credentials Prompt: If prompted for credentials when accessing a shared folder, enter the username and password of the PC hosting the shared folder.

Conclusion

Establishing a local network between two Windows PCs facilitates seamless file sharing and collaboration. By following the outlined steps, you can set up a reliable connection using either Ethernet or Wi-Fi, depending on your available resources and preferences. Regularly updating your network settings and ensuring proper permissions will maintain a secure and efficient local network environment.

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